Where have cases beenconfirmed so far？
Thisbrand-new corona virus came from animals， and it’s believed that the source wasactually a seafood market in Wuhan， which also sells wild animals. So far asfar as we know all the cases have come out of Wuhan. So some of these peopleare in places like Thailand and Japan， but they haven’t picked it up there.They actually got it in Wuhan and then they traveled.
目前病例確認(rèn)在哪里？
這種全新的冠狀病毒來自動(dòng)物，據(jù)信來源于一個(gè)武漢的海鮮市場(chǎng)，這個(gè)市場(chǎng)也出售野生動(dòng)物。據(jù)我們所知，目前所有的病例都來自武漢。其中一些人在泰國(guó)和日本，但他們并不是在那里感染上病毒的。實(shí)際上他們?cè)谖錆h感染上病毒，然后旅行。
… andthose who have died tend actually to have underlying conditions as they say，that they’re frail， they may have heart disease or cancer already， and sothey’re vulnerable. Basically their immune systems are not very robust， andthey’re gong to find it very hard to fight off a virus.
……而那些死亡的人往往都患有基礎(chǔ)�。核麄兲撊�，他們也許已患有心臟疾病或者癌癥，因此很脆弱�；旧蟻碚f，他們的免疫系統(tǒng)不是很強(qiáng)壯，所以會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們很難抵抗病毒。
How is this virustransmitted？
We’veonly just discovered that the new corona virus is actually transmitted from oneperson to another. It was hoped at first actually that it just came fromanimals as all corona viruses do. But now it looks as though it is actuallypassed from one human being to another. So we’ve got people to peopletransmission， because the market has been closed for sometime， and there arecases in people who’ve never been near it.
這種病毒是如何傳染的？
我們剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)新型冠狀病毒實(shí)際上是人傳人。最初希望它實(shí)際上來自動(dòng)物，就像所有冠狀病毒那樣。但是現(xiàn)在看來它是人傳人。所以有人傳人的感染，因?yàn)槟羌沂袌?chǎng)已關(guān)閉一段時(shí)間，而有些患者從未靠近過那里。
What treatment isavailable？
Sothere actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all， because this is avirus. Antibiotics (抗生素) won’t work. They onlywork against bacteria not viruses. So really you want to know antiviraltreatment but none of the flu drugs that we got， and we have got a couple of thosewill work on this. A corona virus is differentfrom a flu virus， so there actually isn’t any treatment at the moment at all.
有無現(xiàn)成治療方法？
實(shí)際上，目前沒有任何治療方法，因?yàn)檫@是病毒，抗生素?zé)o效，他們只對(duì)細(xì)菌有效，而不是病毒。所以要了解抗病毒治療，但我們手頭的流感藥物，我們有的幾種藥物，沒有一個(gè)對(duì)它起作用。冠狀病毒不同于流感病毒，因此，目前沒有任何治療方法。
How serious is thisoutbreak compared to others in the past？
This oneis scary because it is a brand-new virus so we don’t know how it’s going tobehave. But I have to say， we perhaps ought to put it in the context of some ofthe other things. I went to Sierra Leone to cover the West Africa outbreak ofEbola (埃博拉)and that was killing more than half of all those people who were infected. SARSwhich was a novel corona virus just like this one back in 2002， did end upcausing a global panic.
和過去相比，這次爆發(fā)有多嚴(yán)重？
它很可怕，因?yàn)檫@是種全新的病毒，所以我們不知道它會(huì)如何變化。但是我得說，我們也許應(yīng)和其他一些情況一起考慮。我去過西非塞拉利昂報(bào)道過埃博拉疫情，這種疾病使得一半的感染者死亡。2002年的SARS和這次一樣，也是冠狀病毒，最終導(dǎo)致全球恐慌。
And thatwas largely because nobody had ever seen it before， but also the death rate wasat around 10%. And here so far we’re talking about a death rate of 2%， which isa lot less and it does look as if many of those people actually have hadunderlying health problems， which would make it more likely that they woulddie. They could equally have died of flu， so you have to put it into that context，I think.
主要的原因是從未有人見過這種病毒，并且死亡率也在10%左右。到目前，新型冠狀病毒的死亡率是2%，小的多，并且看起來死亡的人中許多實(shí)際上有其他健康基礎(chǔ)病，這使他們更有可能死亡。他們同樣可能死于流感，所以必須考慮這些情況。
Part 3 "新型冠狀病毒”高考熱點(diǎn)詞匯
病名病毒類
Epidemic：傳染��；流行病
Pneumonia：肺炎
Pneumonia situation：肺炎疫情
Novel coronavirus：新型冠狀病毒
詞匯講解：
pneumonia 肺炎一詞發(fā)音中，字母“p”不參與發(fā)音
novel coronavirus 新型冠狀病毒，“novel”在這里不是“小說”的意思，而是“新奇的，異常的”。
根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的推特顯示，“新型冠狀病毒”也可表述為“new coronavirus”。
病人病例類
Coronavirus patients：冠狀病毒病人
Confirmed case：確診病例
Suspected case：疑似病例
Close contacts：密切接觸者
Critical conditions：重癥
Mild case：輕癥
Elderly people：老年人
Passengers with abnormal body temperature ：體溫異常旅客
詞匯講解：
confirmed case：確診病例 suspectedcase：疑似病例
兩個(gè)表達(dá)中，均是動(dòng)詞＋ed 的表達(dá)方式，此種詞匯構(gòu)型一般用以表示形容詞詞態(tài)或被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
close contacts：密切接觸者一詞中contact不作為動(dòng)詞，而是應(yīng)用其名詞含義，即接觸者。
相關(guān)措施類
Temperature screening：體溫篩查
Vaccine：疫苗
Body fluids：體液
Quarantine：隔離；檢疫
Under medical observation：進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)觀察
Already cured：治愈
First-level emergency response：一級(jí)應(yīng)急響應(yīng)
Top-level response：最高級(jí)別響應(yīng)
Major public health and security emergencies：重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生安全事件
Be discharged：解除隔離
Medical assistance ：醫(yī)療援助
Diagnose：診斷
Disinfect：消毒
Medical inspection：醫(yī)學(xué)檢查
詞匯講解：
quarantine 隔離；檢疫 一詞的發(fā)音較為拗口，但因該詞屬于防控措施中最重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，建議掌握其用法。
例句：Passengers have to be quarantined for at least 14 days（乘客需至少被隔離14天）.
醫(yī)療耗材及醫(yī)療設(shè)施設(shè)備類
Thermometer：體溫計(jì)
Stretcher：擔(dān)架
Mask：口罩；面罩
Respirator：['resp？reit？] 呼吸機(jī)，防毒面具
Wheelchair：輪椅
Disinfector：消毒劑
詞匯講解：
mask：口罩的含義中，既有口罩和含義，也有面具的含義，一把醫(yī)療手術(shù)口罩會(huì)直接只用surgical mask。
respirator 一詞有的文章中指代的是防毒面具或特定類型的口罩
疾病癥狀類
Symptom：癥狀
Be infected with：感染
Susceptible：易感染的
Chest tightness：胸悶
Cough：咳嗽
Dizziness：眩暈
Thirst：口渴
Nausea：[？n？？zi？； ？n？？si？] 惡心
Ague：[？e？ɡju？] 發(fā)冷；寒顫
Have difficulty in breathing：呼吸困難
Cold：感冒
Influenza：[？？nflu？enz？] 流行感冒
Diarrhea：[，da？？'ri？] 腹瀉
歡迎使用手機(jī)、平板等移動(dòng)設(shè)備訪問中考網(wǎng)，2024中考一路陪伴同行！>>點(diǎn)擊查看
