賓語(yǔ)從句(一)
賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞的不同，可分為三類。本期我們學(xué)習(xí)由that、if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
1. that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句通常是一個(gè)表示陳述語(yǔ)氣的句子，that在句子中沒(méi)有任何詞義，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式語(yǔ)體中可以省略。
★that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可以接在某些及物動(dòng)詞之后。例如：
He called and said (that) he was coming to see me.
We all believe (that) he can finish the work on time.
★that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句也可以接在某些形容詞之后。例如：
I'm sorry (that) Jane can't come with us.
I'm happy (that) I have passed the exam.
2. if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句
if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句部分的語(yǔ)義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句。
if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，常用于直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)。if或whether在句子中有具體的意思，意為“是否”，因此不可以省略。例如：
I don't know if / whether he will come tomorrow.
She wondered if / whether the story was true.
The teacher asked, “Have you finished your homework?”
→The teacher asked if / whether I / we had finished my / our homework.
Linda asked me, “Is the food enough for our party?”
→Linda asked me if / whether the food was enough for our party.
【注意】
1. 賓語(yǔ)從句中的人稱代詞要符合邏輯，有時(shí)需進(jìn)行合理變化。
2. 主從句時(shí)態(tài)：
(1) 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可用各種時(shí)態(tài);如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句也常用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
(2) 賓語(yǔ)從句表示客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制，需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
隨堂練習(xí)
Ⅰ. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及所給漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出所缺單詞。
1. Trust is very important in any ________(關(guān)系).
2. Do you know how to protect our ________(個(gè)人的) information?
3. Today, wearing masks has become part of ________(日常的) life.
4. It is reported that ________(古代的) art has become big business in Qinghai.
5. —Do you mind if I ask you one more question?
—________(當(dāng)然) not.
Ⅱ. 將下列句子改寫(xiě)成賓語(yǔ)從句。
1. “I've left my schoolbag in the library,” Judy said.
Judy said ___________________ schoolbag in the library.
2. “Someone is waiting for you at the school gate,” Mr Wu said to me.
Mr Wu told me ___________________ at the school gate.
3. “Have you heard of the news?” Lily asks Jane.
Lily asks Jane ___________________ the news.
4. “Will Jill help me?” I can't stop wondering.
I can't stop wondering ___________________ help me.
參考答案
Ⅰ. 1. relationship 2. personal 3. everyday / daily 4. ancient 5. Certainly
Ⅱ. 1. (that) she had left her
2. (that) someone was waiting for me
3. if / whether she has heard of
4. if / whether Jill will
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