2024年初中英語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)法系列之過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

一、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：

(1)I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time.那時(shí)，我正在跟李華談話。

(2)I was watching TV at home last night.昨晚我一直在看電視。

二、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及句型變化

形式“was / were + doing”

如： I was doing my lessons then. 那時(shí)，我在做功課。

We were cleaning the house.我們?cè)诖驋叻孔印?/p>

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式：

肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.

否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.

一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?

特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?

三、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法詳解

(1) 表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，此時(shí)句中往往有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

then,atthat time,this time,yesterday等。

I was doing my homework when my mother came to home.

(2)敘述在過(guò)去的同一時(shí)間都在進(jìn)行的幾個(gè)動(dòng)作，通常用

While I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.

(3)表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

They were expecting you yesterday, but you didn’t turn up.

四、 使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)

(1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示按計(jì)劃、安排過(guò)去某時(shí)刻將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：

He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.他說(shuō)他今天下午要去北京。

(2) 動(dòng)詞hope, wonder等的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用來(lái)表示提出要求，雖然表示現(xiàn)在的內(nèi)容，但語(yǔ)氣比一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)要委婉。如：

I was wondering whether you could come to join us.我想你能否過(guò)來(lái)跟我們一起活動(dòng)?

(3)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中有always, forever, continually, constantly修飾時(shí)，表示說(shuō)話人的贊賞或厭煩的感情。如：【這點(diǎn)需要重點(diǎn)注意】

He was always thinking of others.他總是想到人家。

五、 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別【友情提示：中考重點(diǎn)】

(1) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的完成。如： He was writing his composition last night.他昨晚在寫(xiě)作文。

(不一定寫(xiě)完) He wrote his composition last night.他昨晚寫(xiě)了一篇作文。(已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完)

(2) 表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)及心理活動(dòng)的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞(如n, hear, sbe, like, love, hate, fear,owee, know, want, notice)可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我討厭人們說(shuō)話時(shí)口里含著食物。

(3)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與always, constantly, forever, continually等連用，表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作”;而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, constantly, forever, continually等連用，表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，常帶有感****彩。如：

He always got up at six. 他過(guò)去總是六點(diǎn)起床。

He was always thinking of his work.他總是一心想到工作。

(4) 有時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來(lái)替換一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的行為是經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真的，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示比較隨意或者沒(méi)有進(jìn)行仔細(xì)思考的行為，如：

I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以為它會(huì)同意我們的。

I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要說(shuō)服他接受我們的建議。

注意：

英語(yǔ)中有四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）

1、表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。

2、表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等

3、表感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.

4、表一時(shí)性的動(dòng)詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit

,promise等。

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