來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-07-08 10:19:35
2023年初中英語語法:從屬連詞用法歸納
一、
英語中的從屬連詞主要用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(如賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句。
1.引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的從屬連詞有that,whether,t等,它們在句中均不能充當(dāng)任何句子成分,其中that沒有詞義,僅起引導(dǎo)從句的作用;whether /f 有詞義,兩者均表示“是否”。如:
She asked if he would go to her party 她問他是否要去參加她的晚會
句中的近引導(dǎo)賓語從句,用作動詞 ask 的賓語,i在此表示“是否”。按英語語法習(xí)慣,引導(dǎo)賓語從句時既可 whether 也可用,所以句中的if 完全可以換成 whether。
The question is whether he has signed the contract. 問題是他是否在合同上簽了字
句中的 whether 引導(dǎo)表語從句,表示“是否”的意思。按英語語法習(xí)慣,引導(dǎo)表語從句時要用 whether,一般不用,盡管它們意思是樣的。
Only she remembered that it was my birthday. 只有她記得這天是我的生日。
句中的 that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,用作動詞 remember 的賓語,that 在中不表示任何意思,只起連接作用。
2.引導(dǎo)狀語以句的從屬連詞比較多,同時狀語從句根據(jù)其意義的不同,可以有很多種類型,所以引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞用法也比較復(fù)雜,如表示時間的狀語從句叫時間狀語從句,它可以由when.while,as.before.after as soonas.since.until等;表示條件的狀語以句叫條件狀語從句,它通常由 i unless等來引導(dǎo);表示原因的狀語從句叫條件狀語從句,它通常由 because,as 等來引導(dǎo),等等。
二、引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞
導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有although,though,even though,even if whilehowever.whatever, whoever whenever, wherever等Although [Though] he is poor, he is well contented.他雖窮卻能知足常樂。Though [Even though] it’s hard work,I enjoy it.盡管是苦活,但我樂意干
Even if you don’t like wine, try a glass of this.即使你不喜歡喝酒,也嘗嘗這杯吧。While we don't agree we continue to be friends.盡管我們意見不同,但我們還是朋友。However you use it,it won’t break.不管你怎么使用,它都不會破
Whatever you say, I believe you.無論你說什么,我都相信你。Whoever telephones, tell them Im out.不管是誰打電話,都說我出去了Whenever you come, you are welcome.你什么時候來,我們都?xì)g。However much he eats, he never gets fat. 無論他吃多少他都不發(fā)胖.
三、引導(dǎo)原因/地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞
1.引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that),now (that),considering (that)等:He couldn't got to school because he had a cold.他因患感冒而未能去上學(xué)Since everybody is here. let's begin our discussion.大家都到了,我們就開始
Seeing that it is 8 o‘clock, we’ll wait no longer.由于時間已到8點(diǎn),我們將不再等了。Now that you are here, you’d better stay.你既然來了,最好還是留下吧。
2.引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有where,wherever,everywhere等:
There were lots of parks where I lived.我住的地方有許多公園。
Sit wherever you like你想坐在那兒就坐在那兒。
Everywhere they went, they were warmly welcomed.他們每到一個地方都受到熱烈歡迎。
三、引導(dǎo)目的/結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞歸納
1.引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞主要的有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等:We used the computer in order that we might save time.我們使用計算機(jī)是為了節(jié)約時間Speak clearly so that they may understand you.說清楚,以便讓他們能明白你的意思。Be quiet in case you should wake the baby.安靜些,免得把嬰兒吵醒。
He is working hard for fear he should fail 他努力工作以免會失敗。
2.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞
引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞
主要的有so that,so...that,such...that等:
We're all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last. 我們現(xiàn)在都到齊了,終于能開會了。It's so dificult a question that none ofus can answer it. 那是一個很難的問題,我們沒有一個人能回答He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關(guān)窗戶用力很大,結(jié)果玻璃震破了。注: so that 中的that在口語中通?梢允÷。
四、引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞歸納
引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有
if,unless as [so] long as,in case等:[if anyone calls tell them I m not at home要是有人打電話來,就說我不在家。
You will fail unless you work hard.你若不努力就會失敗。
As[So] long as you need me, Ill stay. 只要你需要我,我就留下
In case I forget, please remind me about it. 萬一我忘記,請?zhí)嵝盐乙幌隆?/p>
注:
在條件狀語從句中,通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義,而不能直接使用將來時態(tài)。不過,有時表示條件的 近之后可能用 w1,但那不是將來時態(tài),而是表示意原或委婉的請求(will為情態(tài)動詞):
五、引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞歸納
1.表示“當(dāng)·時候”或“每當(dāng)”的時間連詞。
主要的when, while, as, whenever:He jumped up when the phone rang. 電話鈴響時他下了一跳。We listened while the teacher read.老師朗讀時我們聽著。
The phone rang just as I was leaving.我正要離開,電話鈴就響了起來
2.表示“在··之前(或之后)”的時間連詞。
主要的有before, after:Turn the lights off before you leave. 離開前請關(guān)燈。
He started the job soon after he left the university 他大學(xué)畢業(yè)后就開始做這份工作。
3.表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。
主要的有since,until,til:
He has lived here since he got married.他結(jié)婚后就一直住在這兒。
Most men worked until [till] they re 65.大多數(shù)男人工作到65歲
4.表示“-...就”的時間連詞。
主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner...than, hardly...when:
Tell him the news as soon as you see him.你一見到他就把這消息告訴他I recognized her the moment (that) I saw her. 我一看到她就認(rèn)出她來了I want to see him the minute (that) he arrives. 他一到來我就要見他I went home directly I had finished work.我一千完活就回家了
Once he arrives.we can start.他一來我們就可以開始。
5.表示“上次”“下次”“每次”等的時間連詞。
主要的有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time隨時),(the) last time(上次), the first time(第一次):
Last time I saw him.he looked i次我見到他的時候,他好像有病
Next time you’re in London come and visit us.你下次來倫敦過來探望我們
Do look me up next time you're in London.你下次到敦來,一定來找我。
Every time I call on him, he is out. 我每次去訪問他,他都不在
You can call me any time you want to. 你隨時都可以給我打電話
注:every time,each time,any time前不用冠詞,(the) next time,(the) last time中的冠詞可以省略,而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略.
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