來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-11-17 17:19:04
過去完成時
標(biāo)志:had + 動詞的過去分詞
1. 表示在過去的某個時間或動作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。如:
By the end of last week he had finished the work.
He had left when I arrived.
2. 表示從過去某一時間開始,一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)。如:
We had not seen each other since I left Beijing.
The film had been on for 5 minutes when I got to the cinema.
3. 某些表意向的動詞(如intend, think, plan, expect, hope等)的過去完成時表示主語未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、希望、打算。如:
I had intended to visit you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.
4. (虛擬語氣)在條件狀體從句或wish / would rather等后面的從句中,使用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的主觀愿望。如:
The party wouldn’t have been so perfect if you hadn’t come.
I wish I had gone with you to the concert that day.
5. 過去完成時與一般過去時
1) 基本區(qū)別:過去完成時表示以過去某時間為起點以前所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),即過去完成時強調(diào)“過去的過去”,而一般過去時只表示以現(xiàn)在時間為起點以前所發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。如:
He studied there two years ago.他兩年前在那兒學(xué)習(xí)(離現(xiàn)在兩年)
He said he had studied there two years before.他說他兩年前在那兒學(xué)習(xí)過。(離他說話時兩年)
2) 特別注意:兩個動作如果按順序發(fā)生,又不強調(diào)先后,或者用then, and, but等連詞連接時,多用一般過去時。如:
When she saw the mouse, she screamed.
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.
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