中考英語(yǔ)必考之賓語(yǔ)從句詳解
中考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句專練
賓語(yǔ)從句(The Object Clause)在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句通常由下面一些詞引導(dǎo)。
1、由that引導(dǎo)(that在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略)。
2、由what , when , where, which, who, how ,why等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)。
3、由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)(口語(yǔ)中常用if)。
應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：
1、賓語(yǔ)從句可放在形容詞后。常用形式是“be+形容詞+賓語(yǔ)從句”
e.g. I am glad you like it .
2、賓語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)的一致。
1)主句是現(xiàn)在(或?qū)?lái))時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要用不同的時(shí)態(tài)。
如：He says Mary is playing with the cat .
He says Mary often plays with the cat.
He says Mary will play with the cat.
I think he left yesterday morning.
2) 主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。
He said Mary was playing with the cat.
He said he hoped to be back soon..
3)當(dāng)從句所表示的是客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí)，該從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不用過(guò)去時(shí)。
如：He said light travels much faster than sound.
3、賓語(yǔ)從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think , believe suppose 等，而從句的意思是否定的，這時(shí)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，從句用肯定式。如：
I don’t think you are right. 我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。
4、將普通的特殊疑問(wèn)句變成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的語(yǔ)序要由疑問(wèn)句變成陳述句的語(yǔ)序。
When will the meeting begin?——-I want to know when the meeting will begin.
5、將普通的一般疑問(wèn)句變成賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，則用if /whether連接，同時(shí)變成陳述句語(yǔ)序。
Are you an English teacher ?——-He asked if I was an English teacher.
在下列情況下只能用whether
1)介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句 I’m thinking about whether we should go fishing.
2)賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí) Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.
3)直接與or not連用時(shí) I don’t know whether or not he was ready.
4)在帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式前 She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.
if也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”(主將從現(xiàn)，主過(guò)從過(guò))。比較：
I don’t know if he will come. If he comes ,I will tell you.
中考英語(yǔ)必考之賓語(yǔ)從句詳解
6、在變賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)。1)連接詞 2)人稱 3)語(yǔ)序 4)時(shí)態(tài) 5)標(biāo)點(diǎn)
【中考范例】
1. (北京市中考試題)
Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)，所以應(yīng)選D。
2. (上海市徐匯區(qū)中考試題)
Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。主句用的實(shí)際上是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句在這個(gè)句子里應(yīng)用陳述句的語(yǔ)序和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
3. (哈爾濱市中考試題)
I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。只有B在語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)上符合要求。
4. (常州市中考試題)
—We don’t know _____________.
—It is said that he was born in Sweden.
A. what he is B. if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
【解析】答案: C。該題考查的是賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序。按照他們談?wù)摰脑掝}可知：他們說(shuō)的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的語(yǔ)序不對(duì)，只有C正確。
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