來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)編輯 2021-05-07 18:50:48
中考網(wǎng)整理了關(guān)于2021年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)之主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的易錯點,希望對同學(xué)們有所幫助,僅供參考。
主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的易錯點
■含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時,可分別將其中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個不動,但變間接賓語為主語的情況較多。
主動:Tom gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日那天湯姆送我一件禮物。
被動:I was given a present by Tom on my birthday.
A present was given to me yesterday.
注意:如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語,則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。
1. 在下列動詞后,通常在間接賓語前用介詞to:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, take,通tell等。
2. 在下列動詞后,一般在間接賓語前用介詞for:build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing等。
主動:Mother made me a new skirt. 母親給我做了件襯衣。
被動:A new skirt was made for me.
3. 由于某些動詞與介詞有習(xí)慣搭配,既不用to也不用for, 而用別的介詞。如:
People all over the world know the Great Wall. 世界上的人都知道長城。
The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短語)
4. 有時用間接賓語作主語講不通或不習(xí)慣,必須用直接賓語作主語。如:
Tom wrote me a letter.
誤:I was written a letter by Tom.
正:A letter was written to me by Tom.
類似的動詞還有:return, send, pass, hand, sell, teach等。
■含復(fù)合賓語(賓語 賓補(bǔ))的主動句改為被動句時,一般把主動句中的賓語改為主語,而賓語補(bǔ)足語保留在謂語動詞后面成為主語補(bǔ)足語。如:
We always keep the classroom clean. 我們總是保持教室清潔。
The classroom is always kept clean. 教室總是保持清潔的。
They asked me to help them. 他們叫我?guī)椭麄儭?br />
I was asked to help them. 我被他們叫去幫忙了。
We saw them playing football. 我們看到他們在踢足球。
They were seen playing football. 他們被人看見在踢足球。
注意:
1. 在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等動詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式都不帶to,但改成被動語態(tài)后要加上to。
We often hear her sing. 我們經(jīng)常聽到她唱歌。
She is often heard to sing. 經(jīng)常有人聽到她唱歌。
2. 如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是名詞,變被動句時,不要誤把賓語補(bǔ)足語的名詞作主語。如:
We called him an ass. 我們叫他傻瓜。
誤:As ass was called him.
正:He was called an ass.
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