來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-04-21 17:47:40
Unit 1 How can we become good learners?
by+V-ing
★“by+V-ing”結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作方式狀語,常用來表示“以、靠、借助、通過、用(某種方法或手段)”而達(dá)到某種預(yù)期的目的。該結(jié)構(gòu)常用來回答 How do you...? 之類的問題。
★ 當(dāng) by 和表示交通工具的名詞連用時(shí),它與名詞之間不用任何限定詞,且名詞用單數(shù)形式。
They often go to school by subway. 他們經(jīng)常坐地鐵上學(xué)。
★ by,in 和 with 都可以表示“通過;借助”。by 后接表示動(dòng)作、行為的名詞;in 表示“用某種語言;用某種材料”;with 后接表示物體或工具的名詞。
如:
You may send the book by post. 你可以通過郵局把書寄出去。
提建議句式
、賅hat/how about +doing sth.?
如:What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don't you +do sth.?
如:Why don't you go shopping?
、踂hy not +do sth.?
如:Why not go shopping?
④Let's +do sth.
如:Let's go shopping
、軸hall we/I+ do sth.?
如:Shall we/ I go shopping?
unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
賓語從句
that,if 和 whatever 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句:
★ 賓語從句中連接詞的選擇
1. 由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句:that 在從句中無詞義,不作任何成分,?墒÷。如:
Jenny said (that) she could finish her painting before supper.
I think (that) you are right.
2. 由 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句:if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),一般可通用,都表示“是否”。如:
I don't know if / whether she still works there.
I want to know if / whether there is a hospital in this street.
但在下列情況下,只能用 whether,而不能用 if:
。1)在 whether ... or not 或 whether or not 結(jié)構(gòu)中,不能用 if。如:
Nobody knows whether or not it will rain.
。2)在介詞之后用 whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.
★ 主從句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)
當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句可用各種時(shí)態(tài);
當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),從句常用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。
但當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀事實(shí)或一般真理時(shí),即使主句為過去時(shí),賓語從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如:
He said he would spend his holiday in Dalian.
Our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.
直擊中考
1.【2018.四川樂山】-Thank you for telling me so much knowledge about nature.
-Don't mention it. _____ you have more questions,come to me any time.
A.If
B.Because
C.Though
答案見文末
反義疑問句
、倏隙愂鼍+否定提問。如:
Lily is a student isn't she?
Lily will go to China,won't she?
、诜穸愂鼍+肯定提問。如:
She doesn't come from China,does she?
You haven't finished homework,have you?
③提問部分用代詞而不用名詞
如:Lily is a student,isn't she?
、荜愂鼍渲泻蟹穸ㄒ饬x的詞
如:little,few,never,nothing,hard 等,其反意疑問句用肯定式。
如:He knows little English,does he?他一點(diǎn)也不懂英語,不是嗎?
表達(dá)“花費(fèi)”
1.spend 動(dòng)詞,表示“花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間"
、賡pend...on sth.在某事上花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)
、趕pend...doing sth.花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間)去做某事
如:
He spends too much time on clothes.他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著上。(花金錢)
He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。(花時(shí)間)
2. pay 的基本用法是:
① pay(sb.)money for sth. 花費(fèi)錢(給某人)買。
、 pay for sth. 付……的錢。
、 pay for sb. 替某人付錢。
④ pay sb. 付錢給某人。
⑤ pay money back. 還錢。
、 pay off one's money. 還清錢。
如:
① I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了 10 元買這本書。
、 I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款。
、 Don't wory! I'll pay for you. 別擔(dān)心,我會(huì)給你付錢的。
④ They pay us every month. 他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。
3. take 后面常跟雙賓語,常見用法有以下幾種:
、 It takes sb.+時(shí)間+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。
、 doing sth.takes sb.+時(shí)間,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。
如:
、 It took them three years to build this road.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。
、 Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修車。
4.cost 的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),還可以表示”值”,常見用法如下:
、 sth. costs(sb.)+金錢,某物花了(某人)多少錢。
、 (doing)sth.costs(sb).時(shí)間,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時(shí)間。
注意:cost 的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。
如:
、 A new computer costs a lot of money.一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。
、 Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。
直擊中考
2.【2015 湖南長沙】Tom spent 200 yuan ______ this book.
A.in B.on
C.for D.with
3.【2015 廣東深圳】It ______ me two days to finish the work.
A.took B.cost
C.spent D.paid
4.【2015 天津】I ______ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.
A.spend B.cost
C.take D.pay
5.【2015 四川宜賓】I ______ $300 for the bike.
A.took B.spent
C.cost D.paid
答案見文末
unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
賓語從句
連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
1. 由連接代詞 who, whom, whose, what, which 等引導(dǎo),不能省略。例如:
Do you know who he is?
2. 由連接副詞 how, where, when, why 引導(dǎo), 也不可省略。例如:
I don't know where I can buy this kind of camera.
3. 賓語從句用陳述句語序,即:連接詞 + 主語 + 謂語 + 其他。
4. 主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系:
(1) 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可以是根據(jù)情況所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。例如:
I don't know when she came here.
Can you tell me when he will come here?
(2) 如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài),從句也應(yīng)用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某一種。但若從句是表示客觀事實(shí)或真理時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:
He told us why he would stay at home the next day.
The teacher explained how the earth goes around the sun.
5. 某些由連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可改為含“特殊疑問詞 + 動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡單句。例如:
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