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中考英語復(fù)習之語法講解第六講—不定式

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-09-15 09:21:53

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  第6講:不定式
 
  不定式和動詞象一對姐妹一樣親密,本不該拆開來講,可是篇幅有限,只能讓他們分開了。不定式的構(gòu)成非常簡單,告訴我是什么?對!是to+動詞原形。當然啦,to有時也可以不帶。動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化,可以擔當除謂語外的任何句子成分。那什么時候可以不帶to呢? Listen to me carefully.
 
  不定式省to有四種情況:
 
  使役動詞 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如:Let him go! 讓他走!
 
  would rather,had better后。如:You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。
 
  Why... / why not...后。如:Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 為什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?
 
  感官動詞 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作賓補,省to。如:I saw him dance. 我看見他跳舞。
 
  注意:這些情況在被動句中可千萬不可省to 喲! 如:The boss made them work the whole night. 變成被動句:They were made to work the whole night.
 
  不定式的特殊用法:
 
  It與不定式:動詞不定式可以做主語,但如果動詞不定式太長,顯得頭重腳輕的,那么我們就可用形式主語it代替,而把真正主語(即不定式)放于句尾。
 
  如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(對我來說學好英語是可能的。)
 
  不定式還可以充當句子的賓語,但有些動詞,如find,think,believe 等,在語法上不能接受不定式作賓語,只有用it作形式賓語,從而把動詞不定式置于句尾。這樣的不定式可繼續(xù)充當其賓語的作用。
 
  如: I found it difficult to fall asleep.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。
 
  還有一點:動詞不定式,還可用在how,when,where,what,which 等疑問代詞或副詞之后,與其共同作賓語。如:I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎樣使用電腦。Remember?
 
  too...to...和enough...to:too...to表達"太 ... 一致于不能..."。
 
  enough ... to 表達 "足以..."。這兩個詞組的用法用兩個例子就可以說清楚了。
 
  The box is too heavy for me to lift.這個箱子太沉了,我提不動。
 
  He is old enough to go to school.他到上學的年齡了。也就是說,他的年齡足夠上學了。記住這兩個句子就可以舉一反三,應(yīng)用自如。你記住了嗎?
 
  好吧,再試一把趁熱打鐵!
 
  練習:
 
  1. Tell him ___ the window.
 
  A. to close not
 
  B. not to close
 
  C. to not close
 
  D. not close
 
  2. Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.
 
  A. learn
 
  B. to learn
 
  C. learned
 
  D. learning
 
  3. You'd better _______the story in Japanese.
 
  A. say
 
  B. speak
 
  C. tell
 
  D. talk
 
  4. The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.
 
  A. to eat not
 
  B. eating not
 
  C. not to eat
 
  D. not eating
 
  5. ---- I usually go there by train.
 
  ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?
 
  A. to try going
 
  B. trying to go
 
  C. to try and go
 
  D. try going
 
  6. There are some books on the floor, would you like ________?
 
  A. to pick them up
 
  B. to pick up them
 
  C. pick it up
 
  D. pick up it
 
  7. She is very ill, let's _______a doctor at once.
 
  A. to wake up
 
  B. send for
 
  C. to pay for
 
  D. pay for
 
  8. I want ________a teacher when I grow up.
 
  A. to be
 
  B. to
 
  C. be
 
  D. being
 
  9. It's cold here. You'd better ______ your coat.
 
  A. not take out
 
  B. not to take down
 
  C. not take off
 
  D. not to take away
 
  10. My mother told me ________more water.
 
  A. drinking
 
  B. drank
 
  C. to drink
 
  D. drink
 
  實戰(zhàn):
 
  1. You'd better _______read in the sun.
 
  A. not to
 
  B. not
 
  C. don't
 
  D. to
 
  2. You aren't a new driver, are you? _______.
 
  A. No, I am
 
  B. Yes, I'm not
 
  C. No, you are
 
  D. Yes, I am
 
  3. Must I stay here now?_________.
 
  A. No, you mustn't
 
  B. No, you needn't
 
  C. Yes, you can
 
  D. Yes, you may
 
  4. There is _______ "s" in the word "bus".
 
  A. a
 
  B. an
 
  C. the
 
  D. /
 
  5. Neithere of us ______a doctor.
 
  A. is
 
  B. isn't
 
  C. are
 
  D. aren't
 
  6. Who was the first in the girls'_________race?
 
  A. 400 metre
 
  B. 400-metre
 
  C. 400 metres
 
  D. 400-metres
 
  7. It's too noisy here, I can't _______.
 
  A. go to sleep
 
  B. fall to sleep
 
  C. sleeping
 
  D. get to sleep
 
  8. The story happened ________ the evening of October 20, 1995.
 
  A. at
 
  B. on
 
  C. in
 
  D. to
 
  9. Could I speak to Mr Gao, please? ________. He has gone to the hospital.
 
  A. I think so
 
  B. Certainly, you can
 
  C. I'm afraid not
 
  D. I'm not sure
 
  10. I'm sorry to trouble you, Miss Hu. ________.
 
  A. Fine, thank you.
 
  B. All right.
 
  C. It's very kind of you .
 
  D. It doesn't matter.
 
  11. Can you tell me where________?
 
  A. is the post office
 
  B. the post office is
 
  C. does the post office
 
  D. the post office does
 
  12. In England, the first name is _______name, but in China, the first name is ______ name.
 
  A. family, given
 
  B. given, family
 
  C. family, family
 
  D. given, given
 
  13. Li Ping met an old friend of _______ on a train yesterday.
 
  A. he
 
  B. him
 
  C. his
 
  D. her
 
  14. Kate is ________ girl.
 
  A. a eighteen-year-old
 
  B. a eighteen-years-old
 
  C. an eighteen -years-old
 
  D. an eighteen-year-old
 
  15. Our city is getting ________.
 
  A. beautiful and beautiful
 
  B. beautifuler and beautifuler
 
  C. more and more beautiful
 
  D. more beautifler and more beautifuler
 
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