中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之語(yǔ)法講解第五講—?jiǎng)釉~

　　第5講：動(dòng)詞

 

　　我們步步深入,開(kāi)始接觸到整個(gè)句子的heart--動(dòng)詞了。掌握了動(dòng)詞，你學(xué)起英語(yǔ)來(lái)就會(huì)感到駕輕就熟了。告訴你，一定要記牢動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞，如果在這些小地方丟分，那才討厭呢。比如：catch 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞(caught，caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下決心，好好記一記吧。下面呢，我們就各個(gè)擊破。先講系動(dòng)詞。

 

　　系動(dòng)詞：大概是最簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞了。你只需注意的是系動(dòng)詞除了be的形式之外，還有become，get，grow，turn，sound，look，smell，taste等，它們不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),必須和作表語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)(如形容詞, 名詞等) 連用, 所以用的時(shí)候，可要小心為是呀！如：It smells delicious.(它聞起來(lái)味道很美)。delicious 是形容詞，不是副詞。

 

　　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：首先要記住情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后必跟動(dòng)詞原形。must和need幾乎是每年的必考題，這里我們重點(diǎn)講一下。

 

　　must的意思是"應(yīng)當(dāng)，必須"，側(cè)重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法，沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)變化，其否定式是mustn't，在"Must I(we) ...."的疑問(wèn)句中，須注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如：Must I go?(我一定要走嗎?)　No,you needn't.(不，不必。)

 

　　need意為"需要"。既可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，又可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，因此在用法上需要注意。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，need后跟名詞，動(dòng)名詞，或不定式。如：I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。如：You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙，明天就不必來(lái)了。)

 

　　實(shí)意動(dòng)詞： 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞可謂家族興旺，人員眾多。我們跑(run)，我們跳(jump)，我們笑(laugh)，這些都得用實(shí)意動(dòng)詞來(lái)表達(dá)。我們一起來(lái)看一看一些特殊的詞吧。它們?cè)诮觿?dòng)名詞和不定式時(shí)意義有所不同。

 

　　stop：這個(gè)詞讓好多同學(xué)大傷了一番腦筋，到底什么時(shí)候加to do，什么時(shí)候加

 

　　doing 呢?兩者意義又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面兩個(gè)句子。

 

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped to read.

 

　　When the teacher came in, they stopped talking.

 

　　第一句的意思是"當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他們停下來(lái)開(kāi)始讀書"。而第二句的意思是 "老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他們停止了說(shuō)話"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中斷正在做的某事"�，F(xiàn)在明白了嗎?

 

　　forget，remember，regret 這三個(gè)詞用法基本相同，只要記住+doing 表示"事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)"，+to do表示"事情還未做"就可以了。forget to do 忘記要去做某事。(未做)　forget doing 忘記做過(guò)某事。(已做) 如：The light is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 燈還在亮著，他忘記關(guān)了。 ( 沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)　　　He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。( 已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)

 

　　感官動(dòng)詞：see,watch, notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel 等 +do 表示動(dòng)作的完整性，真實(shí)性 +doing 表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性。如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我看見(jiàn)了"這個(gè)事實(shí)) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見(jiàn)他正干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作）昨天我見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。

 

　　又到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，好學(xué)的你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?

 

　　練習(xí)：

 

　　1. Wang Lin _______some help. Can you help him?

 

　　A. needs

 

　　B. want

 

　　C. need to

 

　　D. ask

 

　　2. All of us enjoy _______football very much.

 

　　A. play

 

　　B. playing

 

　　C. played

 

　　D. to play

 

　　3. ---- The light in the classroom is still on.

 

　　---- Oh，I forgot___.

 

　　A. turning it off

 

　　B. turn it off

 

　　C. to turn it off

 

　　D. having turned it off

 

　　4. I regret ___ the window.

 

　　A. to do

 

　　B. to be doing

 

　　C. to have done

 

　　D. having broken

 

　　5. His grandparents saw her ___ up from childhood.

 

　　A. grow

 

　　B. grew

 

　　C. was growing

 

　　D. to grow

 

　　6. ---What's this in English?

 

　　---Sorry, I can't _____it in English.

 

　　A. tell

 

　　B. say

 

　　C. speak

 

　　D. talk

 

　　7. --- _____I finish my homwork today?

 

　　---No, you needn't.

 

　　A. Can

 

　　B. May

 

　　C. Must

 

　　D. Need

 

　　8. In Spring , the days ______longer and longer, the trees _______green.

 

　　A. get, turn

 

　　B. gets, turns

 

　　C. got, turned

 

　　D. have got, have turned

 

　　9. When the traffic lights are red, you ________stop.

 

　　A. can

 

　　B. must

 

　　C. won't

 

　　D. needn't

 

　　10. When the teacher came into the classroom, I ________to my deskmate.

 

　　A. stopped to talk

 

　　B. stopped talking

 

　　C. stop to talk

 

　　D. stop talking

 

　　實(shí)戰(zhàn)：

 

　　1. ---Whose calculator is it?

 

　　--- It's ______.

 

　　A. she's

 

　　B. hers

 

　　C. her

 

　　D. she

 

　　2. _______December 23, Mr and Mrs Hopkens flew to London for a trip.

 

　　A. on

 

　　B. in

 

　　C. at

 

　　D. for

 

　　3. The Science Museum is located ________the centre of the town.

 

　　A. with

 

　　B. near

 

　　C. beside

 

　　D. in

 

　　4. Do you think maths is ________important than English?

 

　　A. very

 

　　B. as

 

　　C. more

 

　　D. quite

 

　　5. The captain has a _______daughter.

 

　　A. five-years-old

 

　　B. five years old

 

　　C. five year old

 

　　D. five -year-old

 

　　6. Two fishermen saw ______in the sky while they were fishing by a river.

 

　　A. something strange

 

　　B. anything strange

 

　　C. strange something

 

　　D. strange anything

 

　　7. They got a Christmas tree and it was ______ours.

 

　　A. so tall as

 

　　B. so taller as

 

　　C. as tall as

 

　　D. as taller as

 

　　8. Who's ______woman over there?

 

　　A. /

 

　　B. the

 

　　C. a

 

　　D. an

 

　　9. A: _______have the scientists been there?B. For about two years.

 

　　A. How many times

 

　　B. How

 

　　C. What time

 

　　D. How long

 

　　10. _______that pair of new ________expensive?

 

　　A. Is, shoe

 

　　B. Are, shoe

 

　　C. Is, shoes

 

　　D. Are, shoes

 

　　11. Dick jumped into a large hole ________he saw the bear.

 

　　A. while

 

　　B. as soon as

 

　　C. until

 

　　D. if

 

　　12. _______cold weather it is at the South Pole!

 

　　A. What

 

　　B. What an

 

　　C. How

 

　　D. What a

 

　　13. I don't know ________last night.

 

　　A. why they didn't go to the movies

 

　　B. when they didn't go to the movies

 

　　C. why didn't they go to the movies

 

　　D. when didn't they go to the movies

 

　　14. There aren't many oranges here, but you can take _______if you want to.

 

　　A. few

 

　　B. a few

 

　　C. a little

 

　　D. little

 

　　15. Tom failed in the exam. He looked ________.

 

　　A. happy

 

　　B. sadly

 

　　C. upset

 

　　D. lovely