第2講：代詞
我們剛剛講完了名詞，現(xiàn)在再來(lái)看看名詞的brother-代詞。它與名詞的作用其實(shí)很相似，所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渲谐煞忠蚕嗖畈欢唷?但也別小看代詞呀！它還有很多的"小個(gè)性"呢！只要抓住它的幾個(gè)"小脾氣"，那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。
代詞中第一個(gè)"小個(gè)性"就是物主代詞。像my和mine這兩個(gè)小冤家總是讓人分不清誰(shuí)是誰(shuí)。但你只要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別-my的后面一定要接名詞，不可以單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)，只能做定語(yǔ)，如：my father；而 mine則是名詞性，只能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)，在句中做主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如：Mine is green. It's mine. 記住這兩個(gè)句子，凡是名詞性物主代詞（yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs）就都可以放在mine的位置上了。這樣，通過(guò)它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同，我們就可以把它們區(qū)別開(kāi)了。
代詞的第二個(gè)"羅嗦"就是它有一個(gè)小跟班－self(selves)-反身代詞，也就是表示"自己、親自"的意思。關(guān)于反身代詞，需要注意的是她不能單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，但可以放在人稱代詞后面，做同位語(yǔ)。 如：Marry herself said so. 瑪麗她自己這么說(shuō)的。（不能說(shuō)Herself said so.）下面我給你開(kāi)點(diǎn)小灶，單獨(dú)講一講須"特特"注意的地方。
Of+名詞性物主代詞：of +物主代詞構(gòu)成雙重所有格。公式為：a（an, this, that ）+名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。牢記公式，舉一反三。因?yàn)槲镏鞔~不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等詞一起前置，修飾一個(gè)名詞，而必須用雙重所有格。如： a friend of mine（我的一個(gè)朋友），each brother of his（他的每一個(gè)兄弟）.
some, any的用法：我們都知道some用于肯定句中，而any則用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。 所以somebody，someone也用于肯定句中，而anybody、anyone則用于否定和疑問(wèn)句中。
注意：在Would youlike some coffee?（要來(lái)點(diǎn)咖啡嗎？）這樣的肯定疑問(wèn)句中，說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方的答案會(huì)是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，用some而不用any。
every 和each的用法：every 強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念，指三個(gè)以上的人或物(含三個(gè))，不可單獨(dú)使用；each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念。指兩個(gè)以上的人或物 (含兩個(gè))，可單獨(dú)使用.。Every student in our school works hard.（我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生都很用功。） Each student may have one book.. （每個(gè)學(xué)生都可有一本書(shū)。）
both, either, neither的用法：
both意為"兩者全都"，與復(fù)數(shù)連用。either意為"兩者中間的任何一個(gè)"，neither 表示"兩者之間一個(gè)也不是"，與單數(shù)連用。如：Both of the them come from London。他們兩人都是倫敦人。 You may take either with you。 兩個(gè)中間你隨便帶哪個(gè)都行。 Neither is correct。 兩個(gè)都不對(duì)。
Few，a few和little，a little的用法：
Few，a few用來(lái)代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞，little，a little用來(lái)代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞;a few和a little 著重肯定意思，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)"有幾個(gè)"，"有一點(diǎn)兒"；few和little 著重否定意思，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ) "沒(méi)有幾個(gè)"，"沒(méi)有多少"
OK，代詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完，It's a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，
Are you ready?
練習(xí)：
1. We had plenty of paper but______ink.
A. a few
B. few
C. not many
D. not much
2. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned ______before.
A. one
B. it
C. them
D. that
3. We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.
A. much ... many
B. many ... much
C. many ... a lot
D. a lot ... much
4. I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason.
A. every
B. both
C. nothing
D. everything
5. My car is not so expensive as ________.
A. him
B. he's
C. he
D. his
6. Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _______students aren't here yet.
A. other
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
7. There are high buildings on ______side of the street.
A. both
B. every
C. any
D.either
8. －What do you usually have for breakfast?
�。璤_____eggs and ______milk.
A Little ... a few
B. A little ... a little
C. A few ... a little
D. A few ... a few
9. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Nothing
D. Everything
10. Is this story the same as ______in that book?
A. the one
B. what
C. that
D. it
實(shí)戰(zhàn)：
1. There is _________old woman in the car.
A. 不填
B. the
C. a
D. an
2. We often go to the park _______Sundays.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. from
3. My book ________on the desk.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
4. Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese?
A. difficult
B. the difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
5. －________book is this?
�。璉t's Kate's.
A. when
B. Why
C. Where
D. whose
6.－Can you write a letter in English?
－No, I _____.
A. may not
B. mustn't
C. can't
D. needn't
7. I ________my homework when Mike came last night.
A. do
B. was doing
C. am doing
D. have done
8. He began to ________English three years ago.
A. learn
B. learns
C. learned
D. learning
9. Jim is a driver, _______he?
A. does
B. doesn't
C. is
D. isn't
10. "What's wrong _________you?" the doctor asked.
A. from
B. with
C. for
D. at
11. He is rich, ________he isn't happy.
A. or
B. so
C. and
D. but
12.－Where is Alice?
�。璖he __________to the library.
A. goes
B. will go
C. has gone
D. had gone
13. "Help _________to some fish, Mary." My aunt said to me.
A. themselves
B. ourselves
C. yourself
D. himself
14. We'll stay at home if it ________tomorrow.
A. rain
B. rains
C. is raining
D. will rain
15. The students _________on a farm for ten days. Then they_________to a factory.
Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers.
A. have stayed, went , was
B. had stayed, go , are
C. have stayed, go, have been
D. have stayed, went, were
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