初中英語語法：八種基本時態(tài)

一、其表現(xiàn)形式如下(以do為例,藍色屬現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，黑色屬過去時態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時：動詞用原形或第三人稱單數(shù) does

一般過去時：動詞用過去式 do

一般將來時：動詞用will do 或 am/is/are going to do

過去將來時：動詞用 would do 或 was/were going to do

現(xiàn)在進行時：動詞用 am/is/are doing

過去進行時：動詞用 was/were doing

現(xiàn)在完成時：動詞用 have/has done

過去完成時：動詞用 had done

二、�？家族e點

1) 表時刻表的情況下，一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時態(tài)用;

The plane takes off at 10p.m.

2) 主將從現(xiàn) 符合的原則是：if條件句，時間狀語從句，方式狀語從句和讓步狀語從句。如：

If he comes, I'll let you know.

He will be happy when I tell him.

Next time I'll do as you say.

Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.

3) be to do 表示有責(zé)任、有義務(wù)做某事

be about to do 表示正要做某事

I was about to leave when the telephone rang.

be going to do 表示有計劃性、準備做某事

will do 一般情況下使用

4)現(xiàn)在進行時注意以下情況:

1) 和always, constantly, forever, continually連用表示說話人的感情色彩，責(zé)備，埋怨等;

He is always thinking of others.

He is always making the same mistake.

2) 強調(diào)情況的暫時性;

He is walking to school because his bike is being repaired.

5). 一般將來時注意以下三點。

1) 表傾向，習(xí)慣性動作。意為"會，不能，沒法";

We will die sooner or later. The medicine won't help.

2) 表推測

The man in the middle will be visiting president.

3) 表容量

The hall will seat 500 people.

6). 現(xiàn)在完成時的適用范圍。

1) 過去動作對現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果;

I've already finished my homework, so I can leave now.

2) 過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;

Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.

7). 過去完成時注意兩點。

1) 它是和一般過去時對應(yīng)存在的，沒有一般過去時，就不存在過去完成時。

His family hadn't heard from him for six months until he came home.

2) 用在no sooner…than, scarcely…when, hardly…when,等句型中。

No sooner had I seen him than I told him.

8.下列 that從句用完成時：(注意：主句用is從句用have/has 過去分詞 ;主句用was 從句用had 過去分詞)

#p#分頁標題#e#

1.It/This/That is the first/second/last time that… 如：

This is the first time that I have been in Beijing.

2.It/This/That is the only…that… 如：

That is the only book that I have really enjoyed in my life.

3.It/This/That is the 最高級…that…

It is one of the most interesting book that I have ever read.

4.It is/ has been……since

It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。)

三.Choose the best answers.

1. – What’s the terrible noise?

– The neighours ________ for a party.

A) have prepared B) are preparing C) prepare D) will prepare

2. – Has Sam finished his homework today?

– I have no idea. He ________ it this morning.

A) has done B) did C) was doing D) had done

3. – You were out when I dropped in at your house.

– Oh, I ________ for a friend from England at the airport.

A) was waiting B) have waited C) is waiting D) had waited

4. The policeman ________ five days after he had been wounded.

A) was dead B) had died C) has died D) died

E) had been dead F) has been dead G) was died H) dead

5. Everybody, now I _______ the test tube over the flames; now you can see that the liquid is beginning to change colour.

A) place B) placed C) had placed D) have been placing

6. This kind of cloth ________ smooth and ________ well.

A) is felt, sold B) feels, sells C) feels, is sold D) is felt, sells

7、We _________the work by six yesterday evening.

A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished

8、I _________to help you but couldn’t get here in time.

A. want B. had wanted C. have wanted D. was wanting

9. He ______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him.

A. will speak B. is going to speak

C. had to speak D. was going to speak

10.It is the first time that I __________________ here.

A.am B.have been C.was D.had been

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