初中英語語法總結(jié)之介詞

初中英語語法總結(jié)之介詞&mdash&mdash小編整理了關(guān)于初中英語語法介詞知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)以供各位同學(xué)參考和學(xué)習(xí)，希望對于大家的英語的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助和裨益，也希望對于大家備戰(zhàn) 英語有所幫助，祝大家的英語成績越來越好!

常用介詞介紹

(一)表示時(shí)間的介詞：

1.at, on, in

(1)at表示在某一時(shí)刻、某一時(shí)點(diǎn)

at5:30 在5:30 at sunrise日出時(shí) at lunch午飯時(shí) at noon 正午時(shí) at night夜間

I get up at 6:00 everyday.我每天6:00起床。

表示在歲時(shí)用at the age of。

如：at the age of five.在五歲時(shí)。

(2)on表示在具體某一天或某天的上、下午。如：

on Monday在星期一 onApril1st在四月一日

I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我聽到一聲槍響。

泛指上、下午、晚上、夜間時(shí)用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night但若指具體某一天的上述時(shí)段時(shí)，則一律用on。

如：On the afternoon of May 23.在五月二十三日下午。

(3)in表示在某月、季節(jié)、年、世紀(jì)以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。

In September 在九月 in winter 在冬季 in1999 在1999年 in the 20th century 在20世紀(jì)

in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上

2.for, during, through

(1)for表示一段時(shí)間，后接與數(shù)詞連用的時(shí)間名詞。多與完成時(shí)連用。

Ive been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。

She has been ill for several days.她已經(jīng)病了幾天了。

表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí)，for后面必須跟數(shù)字+時(shí)間名詞，而during后決不可接數(shù)字。

(2)during表示在期間

He visited many nice places during his stay here.在他逗留期間他參觀了許多美麗的地方。

What did you do during the summer vacation?你在暑假做了什么?

(3)through表示一直，自始至終

They worked hard through the winter.整個(gè)冬天他們都在努力工作。

She treated me like her brother through these years.這些年來她始終把我當(dāng)哥哥對待。

3.from, since

(1) from表示等時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，作從解，多用于fromto/till中。

You can come any time from Monday to Friday.周一至周五你什幺時(shí)間來都行。

The exam will start from 9:00 a.m.考試將從上午九點(diǎn)開始。

①from從(開始)未必持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，如：

from 1995 to 1998.從1995年到1998年。

而since是指自從以來一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

②since一般只與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，而from不受此限。

(2)since表示自從以來(直到現(xiàn)在)

He has been away from home since 1973.他自從1973年就離開了家鄉(xiāng)。

We have known each other since ten years ago.我們十年前就認(rèn)識了。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

for與since表示一段時(shí)間，但for與時(shí)間段連用，而since與時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。

如for two hours(持續(xù))兩小時(shí)since last week自從上周直到現(xiàn)在

4.before, by, till, until

(1)before指在之前

Please come before ten oclock.請10點(diǎn)以前來。

The meeting will end after 3:00 p.m. 會(huì)議將在下午三點(diǎn)后結(jié)束。

表示在以前時(shí)，before與by基本可通用。但by還有截至為止之意，此時(shí)可與完成時(shí)連用，而before一般不與完成時(shí)連用。如：

How many models have you made by the end of last month?

截至上月底你做了多少個(gè)模型?

(2)by指不遲于，到時(shí)為止，在以前

I must finish my home work by lunch.午飯前我必須做完作業(yè)。

We had learned over 1000 words by the end of last term.

到上學(xué)期末為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了1000多個(gè)單詞了。

(3)tell(until)直到為止

You must wait for him till tomorrow.你必須一直等到他明天。

He didnt come back until twelve oclock last night.他昨晚下到12點(diǎn)才回來。

在肯定句中，till(until)必須與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞連用。若與點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用，till(until)只能用于否定句中。

5.after, in, within

①after表示在之后，是before的反義詞。

Well hold a party after dinner.晚餐后我們將舉辦晚會(huì)。

He got a cancer and died after a year.他患了癌癥，一年后去世了。

Ill phone you after I arrive.到達(dá)后我給你打電話。(after作連詞)

②within在時(shí)間之內(nèi)

I can finish it with an hour.我不需一小時(shí)就可把它做完。

比較 after與in

①after后可跟時(shí)間段，也可跟時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如after school(放學(xué)后)，

而in后必須跟一段時(shí)間，如in an hour(一小時(shí)后)。

②after既可用于將來時(shí)，也可用于過去時(shí)，而in只能用于將來時(shí)。

③after既可作介詞，又可作連詞，而in只能作介詞②in在時(shí)間之后

Ill arrive in an hour.我一小時(shí)后到達(dá)。

in與within后都必須跟時(shí)間段。

(二)表示地點(diǎn)、方向的介詞：

1.In out side between, among

①in表示在里面，如：

Whats in the box?盒子里是什么?

She put her book in the desk.她把書放進(jìn)了書桌。

②outside指在外面

There are many people out side the room.房間外有很多人。

What did you see out side the hall?你在大廳外看見了什么?

③between在之間(指二者)

There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office.在賓館與郵局之間有所醫(yī)院。

The building stands between the park and the small river.那棟建筑位于公園和小河之間。

between是指在兩者之間，而among指在多個(gè)之間。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

④among在之間(指三者以上)

There is a thief among you. The policeman shouted to the crowd.

警察向人群喊道：你們中間有個(gè)小偷!

He found his place among the crowd.他在人群中找到了他的位置。

2.on, above, over, below, under

(1)on在上面，表面相互接觸。

There is an apple on the table.桌上有一個(gè)蘋果。

On the top of the hill, there is a flag.山頂有一面旗子。

(2)above只表示在上方或位置高出，與below相對。

A plane flew above our heads.一架飛機(jī)從我們頭上飛過。

The Turners live above us.特納一家人住在我們的上面。

(3)over在正上方，與under相對。

There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座橋。

The picture is hanging over the blackboard.那張圖掛在黑板的正上方。

(4)below在下方，低于

There are many flowers below the window.窗下有很多花。

Her skirt reaches just below her knees.她的裙子剛到膝蓋下。

(5)under在正下方

They sat under a big tree, drinking.他們坐在一棵大樹下喝酒。

What are you wearing under your coat?你外套里面穿了什么?

3.near, by, beside

(1)near在附近，與far相對

A hospital was built near the railway station.在火車站附近建了一所醫(yī)院。

My hone is near the school.我的家離學(xué)校很近。

(2)by=beside,靠近，在旁邊，比near距離更近

He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在電影院他就坐在我旁邊。

He lay down beside the statuary.他在雕像旁躺下了。

4.In front of, behind, around

(1)in front of在前面

A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一條河

They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door.他們在門前放了一束花。

In the front of表示在前部，指里面。

There is a red chair in the front of the room.在房間前半部有把紅椅子。

(2)behind在后面

A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高層建筑。

The cat lies behind the door.貓?zhí)稍陂T后面。

(3)around在周圍，圍繞

There are many trees around the village.村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。

There are flowers around the stage.舞臺周圍擺著鮮花。

5.from, to, for, into, out of

(1)from從

The train started from Paris.火車發(fā)自巴黎。

She will fly from Beijing to Hong Kong.她將從北京飛往香港。

(2)to到(目的地)去，向

He went to Germany last year.他去年去了德國。

They got to the town very late.他們很晚才到那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)。

(3)for向，表目的方向

#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

He left for Tianjin on business yesterday.他昨天出差去天津了。

The train for Shanghai has been away.去往上海的火車已經(jīng)開走了。

towards, to和for都可表示向，其區(qū)別如下：

①towards僅指朝向某個(gè)方向，不一定是目的地，而to和for都是向目的地。

②for作向(目的地)時(shí)，常用于固定搭配中，如：leave for start for

(4)into進(jìn)入

Please put the water into the bottle.請把水倒入瓶子里。

The teacher came into the classroom with a smile.老師微笑著走進(jìn)了教室。

(5)out of從出來

A beautiful girl in red went out of the shop.一個(gè)穿紅衣服的漂亮女孩從商店里走了出來。

They pulled him out of the water.他們把他從水里拉了出來。

6.along, across, through

(1)along沿著

He likes to drive along the river.他喜歡沿著河開車。

There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road street.沿街有著各種美麗的花。

(2)across橫穿

The little girl is afraid to go across the street.這個(gè)小女孩不敢橫穿馬路。

Its dangerous to run across the busy road.跑著穿越繁忙的馬路是很危險(xiǎn)的。

(3)through穿過

It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.開車穿過這條隧道花了我們10分鐘時(shí)間。

He pushed his way through the crowd to the plat form.他從人群里擠到了站臺。

7.at, in

二者都表示在某個(gè)地方，但at多指較小的地方，如車站、家等，而in多指在大地方，如城市、國家、大洲等。(但大小有時(shí)也是相對的)。

He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27號。

TheplanewillarriveinBeijingat13:00.飛機(jī)將于13點(diǎn)到達(dá)北京。

三、其它用途的介詞：

1.表示標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或單位的介詞：at, for, by

(1)at表示以速度以價(jià)格

He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小時(shí)8英里的速度行駛。

I sold my car at a high price.我以高價(jià)出售了我的汽車。

(2)for用交換

I bought it for 20 dollars.買它花了我20美元。

How much for these apples?這些蘋果多少錢?

at與for都表示價(jià)格，但at表示單價(jià),for表示總價(jià),at后一般跟price這個(gè)詞，而for后只能跟總錢數(shù)。

如：I bought it at a low price.我買它的價(jià)格很低。

I bought it at the price of $80 a pound.我以每磅80美元的價(jià)格買的它。

I sold it for $10.我10美元把它賣掉了。

(3)by以計(jì)，后跟度量單位

Gold is sold by the gram.金以克出售。

They paid him by the month.他們按月給他計(jì)酬。

2.表示材料的介詞：of, from, in

(1)of表示從成品仍可看出原料。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

This box is made of paper.這個(gè)盒子是紙做的。

This salad is made of apples and strawberries.這種沙拉是由蘋果和草莓做的。

(2)from表示從成品已看不出原料。

Bread is made from wheat.面包是小麥做的。

The lifeboat is made from some special material.這個(gè)救生艇是由某種特殊材料制成的。

(3)in用材料。 常用write, speak, talk, answer等連用。

Please fill in the form in pencil first.請先用鉛筆填寫這個(gè)表格。

They talk in English.他們用英語交談。

in指材料時(shí)，材料前不用冠詞。 比較：用鉛筆畫

3.表示工具或手段的介詞：by, with, on

(1)by憑借工具或手段(多用于交通工具)如： by bus乘公共汽車，by plane乘飛機(jī)

He usually goes to work by bike.他通常騎車去上班。

He sent the news to me bye-mail.他通過電子郵件發(fā)給了我這一消息。

表示搭乘交通工具時(shí)，既可用by，又可用in，區(qū)別在于用by時(shí)，表示交通工具的名詞前不能加冠詞，而用in時(shí)名詞前必須加冠詞。

(2)with用工具

He broke the window with a stone.他用石頭把玻

He stopped the ball with his right foot.他用腳把球停住。

with表示用工具時(shí)，工具前必須加冠詞或物主代詞。

(3)on以方式。多用于固定詞組。

They talked on the telephone.他們通過電話進(jìn)行交談。

She learns English on the radio /on TV.她通過收音機(jī)/電視學(xué)英語。

4.表示關(guān)于的介詞：of, about, on

(1)of僅指關(guān)于人或事物的存在，如：

He spoke of the film the other day.他前幾天提到了這部影片。

He thought of this matter yesterday.他昨天想到了這件事。

He thought about this matter yesterday.他昨天考慮了這件事。

(2)about指關(guān)于某人或某事物的較詳細(xì)的情況。

Its a book for children about Africa and its people.

它是一本供兒童閱讀的關(guān)于非洲和非洲人的書。

Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告訴我一些關(guān)于你自己的事情嗎?

(3)on是指關(guān)于學(xué)術(shù)性的或嚴(yán)肅的，供專門研究用的。

Its a textbook on the history of China.它是一本有關(guān)中國歷史的教科書。

5.表示原因、理由的介詞：for, at, from, of, with

(1)for表示一般的理由常與famous, punish等詞連用。

Xian is famous for its long history.西安因歷史悠久而著名。

The city is well known for her large population.這座城市以人口眾多而知名。

(2)at一般指情感的原因，通常放在表示驚訝或喜悅等感情的動(dòng)詞或形容詞之后，表示因聽到或看到而。

She got angry at his words.她因?yàn)樗�的話生氣了�?p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

He was surprised at the news.聽到這消息他大吃一驚。

(3)from表示外在的原因。如受傷、車禍等。

He died from the wound.他因受傷而致死。

Her son was badly hurt in a traffic accident.她兒子在一次車禍中嚴(yán)重受傷。

(4)of表示內(nèi)在的原因，如病、餓等到。

He died of cancer.他死于癌癥。

The old man died of hunger.老人死于饑餓。

(5)with表示由外在影響到肉體或心理的原因。

He shook with cold.他因寒冷而發(fā)抖。

He shouted loudly with anger.他氣得大喊大叫。

6.like, as

(1)like像一樣(其實(shí)不是)

The little tiger looks like a cat.這只小老虎看起來像只貓。

The mooncakes are like the moon.月餅像月亮。

(2)as作為，以身份(其實(shí)是)

He was hanged as a spy.他被作為間諜絞死了。

He talk to me as a father.他以父親的身份跟我談話。

7.against, for

against反對，與for是反義詞，如：

Are you for my idea or against it?你贊同還是反對我的想法?

They fought against the enemy.他們抗擊敵人。

8.besides, except都表示除了。besides的用法就等于aswellas。

He is interested in tennis besides(as well as)football. 除了足球，他還對網(wǎng)球感興趣。

(1)besides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的除了，可以理解為除之外還、除之外又，表示兩部分的相似性。

Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.

除他以外，還有25個(gè)學(xué)生去看了電影。(他和另外25人都去了)

We like biology besides English.除了英語外，我們還喜歡生物。(生物和英語都喜歡)

(2)except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的除了，可以理解為撇開不談,表示兩部分的不同。

Every one is excited except me.除我以外的每個(gè)人都很激動(dòng)。(他們激動(dòng)，而我卻不激動(dòng))

All the visitors are Japanese except him. 除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人，可他不是)

在以下幾種情況中，介詞常常省略。

1.當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有this, that, next, last, every, each, some, any, all等時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)省略。

We watched an exciting football match last week.(last week前不能用介詞in等)

上周我們看了一場激動(dòng)人心的足球賽。

Come any day you like.你想哪天都行。

Come on any day you like.(×)

next前可以加冠詞，但意義不同。

Next week下周(以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn))

the next week第二周(以過去某時(shí)為起點(diǎn))

2.表示時(shí)間的名詞前有不定冠詞，且不定冠詞作每一解時(shí)，前面不用介詞，

每小時(shí)80英里。#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

80milesinanhour.(×)

80milesanhour.()

An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天吃一個(gè)蘋果，醫(yī)生不找我。

3.含有way的短語。如：in the same way, in this/that way, in another way等用于句末時(shí)，in常省略。

She did it the same way.她用同樣的方法做的。

三、介詞的固定搭配

1. At

be good at 精通于

be annoyed at 對煩惱

be angry at 對 (事) 發(fā)怒

(take) aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)

laugh at 因而發(fā)笑

stare at 盯著看，凝視

at the best 充其量

at first 開始

at large 自由地

at least 至少，起碼

at length 最后，終于

at once 立即，馬上

at present 現(xiàn)在

at rest 休息，靜止不動(dòng)

at times 間或，有時(shí)

He was angry at his brother's remark.

他對他兄弟的批評很惱火。

I don't know him but he has been staring at me for ten minutes.

我不認(rèn)識他，但是他盯了我足有十分鐘。

The foreign countries' attempt at a blockade of the port was unsuccessful.

外國試圖對這個(gè)港口實(shí)施封鎖，但沒有成功。

I know I am at fault.

我知道我錯(cuò)了。

The escaped prisoner is still at large.

那逃犯仍逍遙法外。

He is at present away on his holidays.

他現(xiàn)在到外地度假去了。

2. About

careful about 小心

particular about 對講究

careless about 粗心

doubtful about 對懷疑

sure about 肯定

concerned about 擔(dān)心

a complaint about 抱怨，叫屈

bring about 導(dǎo)致，引起

care about 關(guān)心，介意

leave about 亂放，亂扔

fuss about 大驚小怪

anxious about 擔(dān)心，想念

例如：

How did it come about?

那事是怎樣發(fā)生的?

She is crazy about pop music.

她對流行音樂著了迷。

English people are always making complaints about their weather.

英國人老是埋怨天氣不好。

He is enthusiastic about the music of Brahams.

他熱衷于布拉姆斯的樂曲。

Harry likes eating very much but he isn't very particular about the food he eats.

哈里很愛吃，但對他所吃的食物倒并不講究。

3. Against

fight against 反對

immune against 免除

vote against 投票反對

protect against 保護(hù)免受

stand against 反對，經(jīng)受住

an accusation against 控制，譴責(zé)

a prejudice against 偏見，萬歲

guard against 防護(hù)

protest against 反對，抗議#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

rise against 起來反抗

run against 對不利，違反

strive against 和斗爭

a defence against 防護(hù)，保衛(wèi)

a protest against 抗議，反對

例如：

I protest against their criticism.

我對他們的批評提出抗議。

He made a false accusation against his boss.

他誣告上司。

Those clothes don't give you much protection against the cold.

那些衣服不能使你御寒。

He should guard against passing on disease to his family.

他應(yīng)當(dāng)注意別把病傳給自己家里的人。

By

abide by 遵守

pull by 拉住

by mistake 弄錯(cuò)，失誤

by virtue of 靠，由于

by means of 使用

by aid of 借助于

by way of 經(jīng)由

by force 以武力，強(qiáng)迫地

by marriage 聯(lián)姻而產(chǎn)生的

例如：

He is by nature a kind, generous fellow.

他是個(gè)天性和藹慷慨的人。

They sent the letter to me by mistake.

他們誤把那封信送給了我。

The old Roman armies had several generals who took command by turns.

古羅馬的軍隊(duì)由幾位大將輪流指揮。

By virtue of his victory, he felt he could do what he pleased.

由于勝利，他感到可以想干什么就干什么了。

I probably know him by sight but not by name.

我大概見面認(rèn)識他，不過叫不上名字。

5. For

competent for 勝任

for good 永遠(yuǎn)

for the sake of 為緣故

for the better 好轉(zhuǎn)

for the purpose of 為目的

for a change 改變一下

for the time being 暫時(shí)

for fear of 免得

an affection for 愛，愛情

application for 申請

(make) preparation for 為作準(zhǔn)備

blame for 責(zé)怪，責(zé)備

cause for 理由

readiness for 為準(zhǔn)備就緒

an occasion for 時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)

contempt for 輕蔑，藐視

a demand for 需要，需求

evidence for 證據(jù)，根據(jù)

a fondness for 喜歡

a reason for 理由，原因

a respect for 尊敬，尊重

a search for 搜尋，找尋

例如：

I should like to repeat my opening remarks for the benefit of those who just came in.

我愿重復(fù)一下我的開場白，以便讓剛?cè)雸龅娜艘材苈牭健?/p>

She got up early to be ready for the post. 為了靜心等候郵件，她一早就起床了。

New York is famous for its skyscrapers. 紐約以其摩天大樓而著稱。

His excuse for being late was that his train was delayed. 他晚到的理由是火車晚點(diǎn)了。

#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

This new school will have no playground for the time being. 這所新學(xué)校將暫時(shí)沒有操場。

If one does not have respect for oneself, one can't expect others to respect him. 如果一個(gè)人不能自重，那么就別指望別人尊敬他。

Nobody knows the age of the earth for certain. 沒有人確切知道地球的年齡。

6. From

differ from 與不同，相異

dismiss from 解雇，使離職

infer from 從推論出

prevent from 阻止，防礙

protect from 保護(hù)以免

resign from 辭職

suffer from 受之苦

tell from 把與區(qū)分開來

from a distance 從遠(yuǎn)處，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地

from the heart 誠心誠意地

from the first 從一開始

例如：

You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower.

你甚至可以到店里去避避雨。

From the first I disliked him.

從一開始我就不喜歡他。

The number of people suffering from heart disease has increased.

患心臟病的人數(shù)已經(jīng)上升了許多。

Allen and I are in the same history class, but his assignment is different from mine.

愛倫和我在同一個(gè)歷史班，但他的作業(yè)跟我的不同。

assist in 幫助做某事

consist in 在于

engage in 從事，參與

give in 讓步，妥協(xié)

specialize in 專攻，專門研究

take in 欺騙，收容

belief in 信仰，相信

a delight in 以為樂

an expert in 專家，能手

in fact 事實(shí)上

in the event of 萬一

in one's opinion 據(jù)見解

in bloom 開著花

in the direction of 朝方向

in comparison with 與比較

in possession of 擁有，占有

in view of 由于，考慮到

in any event 無論如何

in the course of 在過程中

in short 簡言之

believe in 信仰，信賴

end in 以告終

excel in (在某方面)突出地好

invest in 在投資

succeed in 在方面獲得成功

participate in 參加

confidence in 信任，相信

difficulty in 困難，困境

pleasure in 高興

a rise in 上漲，增長

(there is no) point in (做某事沒)有意義

There's no harm in 不妨

a specialist in 專家

an interest in 興趣，關(guān)心

participation in 參加

trouble in 苦惱，麻煩

interested in 對感興趣

fortunate in 有幸

constant in 對持久

lacking in 缺乏

expert in 在熟練

confident in 信任

in time 及時(shí)#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

in the interest of 為了利益

例如：

We hoped that we should have confidence in each other again.

我們希望我們應(yīng)再次彼此信任。

He listened in while we were discussing this question.

他竊聽了我們討論的這個(gè)問題。

In conclusion, I shall not accept the invitation.

總之，我是不會(huì)接受邀請的。

We must give up this plan for we are lacking in funds.

我們必須放棄這一計(jì)劃，因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)鄙儋Y金。

This shop specializes in tea and coffee.

這家商店專營茶葉和咖啡。

He wants to have a rise in wages.

他想要增加工資。

In comparison with England, Ireland has a small population.

與英格蘭相比，愛爾蘭人口很少。

8. Into

argue into 說服做

frighten into 恐嚇做

plunge into 投身于

run into 碰見

turn into 把變成

divide into 把分成

translate into 把翻譯成

force into 迫使做

crash into 撞到上

burst into 突然開始，爆發(fā)出

burst into 闖入

inquire into 調(diào)查

reason into 說服做

talk into 說服做

trick into 誘騙做

deceive into 欺騙去做

pull into 到達(dá)，開進(jìn)

cut into 減輕，減少

change into 把變成

break into 突然闖入

例如：

On hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.

一聽到這一不幸消息，她突然哭了起來。

The taxi driver pulled into a roadside restaurant to get something to eat.

出租車司機(jī)把車開到路邊飯店打算吃點(diǎn)東西。

They frightened the old lady into signing the contract.

他們嚇噓老太太簽了合同。

9. Of

worthy of 值得

tired 厭倦

considerate of 體貼

aware of 知道

conscious of 認(rèn)識到

proud of 驕傲

composed of 由組成

certain of 確信

regardless of 不管

fond of 喜愛

cautious of 小心

innocent of 清白，無罪

approve of 贊成，批準(zhǔn)

consist of 由組成

inform of 通知

rob of 搶劫

convince of 使確信

deprive of 剝奪，使喪失

dispose of 處理

suspect of 懷疑

guilty of 犯罪

ignorant of 忽視

accuse of 控告(某人)

assure of 使確信

hear of 聽說

remind of 使想起，提醒

smell of 有氣味

cure of 治愈病

die of 死于

speak of 談到，提及#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

10. To

access to 進(jìn)入，通道

attention to 注意

exposure to 暴露

injury to 損傷，傷害

an objection to 反對

dedication to 獻(xiàn)身，熱愛

resistance to 阻力，抵抗

similarity to 類似，相似

similar to 相似，相同

indifferent to 不在乎

equal to 等于

devoted to 獻(xiàn)身于

contrary to 違反，相反

adapt to 使習(xí)慣

amount to 相當(dāng)于，等于

confess to 承認(rèn)

owe to 把歸功于

report to 報(bào)到

stick to 堅(jiān)持

to a certain extent 在一定程度上

to one's satisfaction 使?jié)M意

to the utmost 盡力

an attitude to 態(tài)度

(attach) importance to 重視

a limit 限制

contribution to 貢獻(xiàn)，捐助

a disgrace to 恥辱

a response to 反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)

a visit to 訪問，拜訪

relevant to 對有關(guān)

inferior to 比下等

grateful to 感激

insensitive to 遲鈍

parellel to 平行

add to 增加，加強(qiáng)

belong to 屬于

lead to 導(dǎo)致

prefer to 寧可，更喜歡

sentence to 宣判

turn to 求助于

to one's liking 合胃口

to one's face 當(dāng)面

to one's benefit 對有益

to one's taste 合胃口

例如:He answered the questions to everybody's satisfaction. 他回答了問題，使人人都很滿意。

The professor sometimes makes remarks that are not relevant to the topic.有時(shí)候那位教授訓(xùn)一些跟主題無關(guān)的話題。 I object to the plan on the grounds that it is too expensive. 我反對這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，理由是費(fèi)用過于龐大。

The paint came off as the result of exposure to the rain. 由于長期淋雨，油漆脫落了。

Your computer is similar to mine. 你的計(jì)算機(jī)與我的相似。

I sympathize with her only to a certain extent. 我只是在一定程度上同情她。

He dedicated his life to the cause of medicine. 他將一生獻(xiàn)給了醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)。

11. On

advice on 忠告，意見 an attack on 襲擊，攻擊 dependence on 依靠，依賴 an emphasis on 強(qiáng)調(diào)，重點(diǎn)

(keep) an eye on 照看，注意 an influence on 影響 (have) mercy on 憐憫，對

時(shí)間介詞的用法及辨異

表示時(shí)間的介詞，在英語介詞中占著相當(dāng)重要的位置。在初中階段英語教學(xué)過程中，已出現(xiàn)了許多用來表示時(shí)間的介詞。其中有：at on in during for to till un til after by before等。本文著重談一談這些介詞在表示時(shí)間的用法及它們之間的同異之處。

1.at on in

at用來表示時(shí)間時(shí)，通常指時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)。例如：at five oclock atnoon atmidnight#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

on用來表示某一段時(shí)間，特指某天或某天的上午 下午或晚上。例如：on Sunday,on October,on Saturday morning. c)in也可用來表示一段時(shí)間，但多指長于一天或不到一天的時(shí)間段。例如：in January, in summer, in 1988, in the morning ,in the evening.

2.in during

during用來表示一段時(shí)間，其意義大致相當(dāng)于in的用法。一般來說，凡是能用in的地方，也可以用during.例如：He came to see me during my absence. .Dont go to see his wife in his absence.

during與in的區(qū)別在于during強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)性，而in則只是一般指某一時(shí)間。試比較：They visited many cities during their stay in China. Her grandpa was killed in the war.

3.in for during

in+時(shí)間與for+時(shí)間都可表示一段時(shí)間，但for+時(shí)間表示有多久，而in+時(shí)間則表示在何時(shí)。(例如：We worked there for the winter. They worked there in winter. 以上兩例中，in winter強(qiáng)調(diào)在冬季，不一定包括整個(gè)冬季時(shí)間，而for the winter則強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)冬天。

b)for用來表示一般時(shí)間，常跟具體的時(shí)間段。例如 for a few days for 3 weeks for five months等

since after since after 都可以用來引導(dǎo)表示從過去某一點(diǎn)開始的時(shí)間段詞組。它們的不同之處在于：

a)since引導(dǎo)的詞組所表示的時(shí)間一直延續(xù)到說話時(shí)為止，因而要與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。例如：He has been there twice since 1982. I have done nothing since six oclock.

b)after引導(dǎo)的詞組所表示的時(shí)間是純系過去，并不延續(xù)到說話時(shí)，因此要和一般過去時(shí)連用。例如：He went home after school.

till until to

介詞till/until常用于from.till/until結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作的終結(jié)。介詞to常用在from.to的結(jié)構(gòu)中，用來表示一個(gè)階段的終結(jié)。兩者在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中意義十分接近。例如：The Americans stayed here from June to September. He studies from morning till/until night everyday.

b)to可用在表示鐘點(diǎn)的詞前。我們說Its six to five 但不能說Its six till/until five.反之在某些能用till/until的場合，卻不能用to.例如：在not.until結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們說I didnt go to bed till/until ten oclock.卻不能說I didnt go to bed to ten oclock.

c)till與until也有細(xì)微區(qū)別。till常用在非正式文體或口語中，而until則常用于正式文體及比較正式的場合。另外，在句首多用until.

6. by before

by表示時(shí)間時(shí)，意思是到以前、不遲于、到時(shí)(為止)。例如：by supper time by the end of last term

b)before表示時(shí)間，意為在以前。例如：before liberation the day before yesterday

c)by與before的區(qū)別在于，by短語表示時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)終止點(diǎn)，而before短語表示時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)起始點(diǎn)。例如：Your son will be all right by suppertime.

句中的by suppertime表示從說話時(shí)到晚飯前這段時(shí)間。)而before構(gòu)成短語則表示從某一時(shí)間或事件之前，例如：The poor children couldnt go to school beforeliberation.#p#分頁標(biāo)題#e#

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