來源:網(wǎng)絡資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-06-29 18:10:58
中考英語:主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)專題復習
被動語態(tài)由“助動詞+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的差異主要體現(xiàn)在助動詞be的變化上,同時助動詞be還要在人稱和數(shù)上與主語保持一致。在將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,可按以下三個步驟:a. 把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。b. 把謂語變成被動結構(be+過去分詞) ,并根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式。c. 把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語,將主格改為賓格。在無須說明動作的執(zhí)行者或只強調動作的承受者時,by短語可以省略。例如:
All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory.
含有雙賓語的主動句改為被動句時,應將其中一個賓語改為被動結構的主語,另一個賓語仍保留在原處。一種情況是把間接賓語(指人)變?yōu)橹髡Z,直接賓語(指物)不變;另一種情況是把直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)橹髡Z,間接賓語(指人)不變,這時,間接賓語前通常加介詞to,有時加for.例如:
My father gave me a new book on my birthday.
→I was given a new book (by my father) on my birthday. (間接賓語作了主語)
→A new book was given to me (by my father) on my birthday. (直接賓語作了主語)
含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時,由“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”構成,原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后,to 仍要保留。例如:
We can repair this watch in two days.
→This watch can be repaired in two days.
They should do it at once.
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