初三英語上冊知識(shí)點(diǎn)：句式句型(4)

　　5. Eating foods from grain gives you vitamins, minerals and fibre.

　　吃來自谷物的食物給你維生素、礦物質(zhì)和纖維。

　　eating不可以改為eat，因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞不可以作主語，所以用eating形式，即動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)名詞（或短語）作主語時(shí)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例：

　　Taking exercise helps you keep healthy.

　　運(yùn)動(dòng)幫你保持健康。

　　6. The more you move your feet, the more healthy you will be.

　　你越愛運(yùn)動(dòng)，你就會(huì)越健康。

　　越……，就越……，常用"the +比較級，the +比較級"結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　前者是狀語從句，后者是主句，如果主句是將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：

　　The more, the better.越多越好。

　　The more food he eats, the fatter he will be.

　　他吃得越多，就越胖。

　　7. He has been away for three days now!

　　他已經(jīng)三天沒上學(xué)了。（離開三天了）。

　　be away，離開，不在，是leave的延續(xù)詞，類似的還有：

　　catch a cold（結(jié)束性）→have a cold

　　fall ill（結(jié)束性）→be ill 例：

　　He has caught a cold.他感冒了。

　　He has had a cold for a week.

　　他感冒一周了。

　　He fell ill last Friday.

　　他上周五病了。

　　He has been ill for five days.

　　他病五天了。

　　8. I rested and drank plenty of water.

　　我休息而且喝很多水。

　　plenty of許多，大量，相當(dāng)于lots of或a lot of，后可加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。

　　He has plenty of time to watch TV.

　　他有很多時(shí)間看電視。

　　There are plenty of shops on either side of the street.

　　街兩面有許多商店。

　　9. Could you open the door for me?

　　請為我打開門好嗎？

　　Would （wiu/, Could）you + do…？用來表示請求對方為自己做某事。would / could / will不表時(shí)態(tài)。

　　Would / Could you go and get me some chalk?

　　去給我拿些粉筆來好嗎？

　　10. She is unable to do many things.

　　她不能做很多事情。

　　unable不能的，un-表示前綴，表示否定。例：

　　happy → unhappy不開心的，fair→unfair不公平的

　　此句可以表示為：

　　She can't do many things.

　　She is not able to do many things.

　　11. I'm feeling much better.

　　我感覺好多了。

　　much相當(dāng)于a lot，常用來修飾比較級，還有even, far, a little, a bit等也可以放于比較級前，而very, too, quite, so, much too等常用來修飾原級。例：

　　On Monday I felt very bad, but now I feel much better.

　　周一我感覺很差，但現(xiàn)在感覺好多了。

　　Unit 5

　　1. It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the richest people in China.

　　It is said that ...  據(jù)說……，相當(dāng)于People say that ...

　　例：It is said that the boy has joined the army.

　　據(jù)說那個(gè)孩子已經(jīng)參軍了。

　　2. The grain of this new type of rice would be as big as peanut so that farmers could rest in the cool shadows of big rice plants.

　　這種新水稻的粒子將會(huì)和花生一樣大，以便農(nóng)民可以在這種水稻的陰涼下休息。

　　as ... as ...  "和……一樣"，表示程度相同的比較。

　　This box is as big as that one.

　　這個(gè)箱子和那個(gè)一樣大。

　　so that  表示目的，譯為"以便……，目的是……"。

　　He stood on a chair so that he could reach the top of the tree.

　　他站在椅子上以便能夠夠到樹的頂部。

　　Unit 6

　　1. Why don't you pretend to be Jenny's friend?

　　為什么你不假裝Jenny的朋友呢？

　　Why don't you do ...? （Why not do ... ?）

　　Why don't you go to see him tomorrow?

　　為什么你不明天去看他呢？

　　2. Don't be scared.  別害怕。

　　此句是祈使句，由系詞be開頭，后常加形容詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　例：Be careful!  當(dāng)心！

　　Be quick!   快點(diǎn)！

　　否定形式在句首加don't。

　　例：Don't be late for school!   上學(xué)別遲到。

　　Don't be nervous!    別緊張。

　　3. Shall I call an ambulance?

　　我可以叫救護(hù)車嗎？  （我叫救護(hù)車好嗎？）

　　Shall I (we) do sth ... ?   我（們）做……好嗎？

　　用來表示請求，自己所做的事情征得對方的意見，是否同意。

　　例：Shall I get you some water?

　　我給你打點(diǎn)水好嗎？

　　4. There is something wrong with my arm.

　　我的手臂有毛病。

　　There is something wrong with sb. or sth.  某人某物有毛病

　　There is something wrong with my watch.

　　我的手表壞了。

　　否定式為： There is not anything wrong with ... .

　　There is nothing wrong with ... .

　　5. It took me three months to recover.

　　我用了三個(gè)月時(shí)間恢復(fù)。

　　It takes sb. some time to do sth.  某人花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間做某事

　　it是形式主語，真正的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式"to do sth."。

　　take 隨時(shí)態(tài)改變，sb. 用賓格。

　　例：It took me two hours to clean my house yesterday.

　　我昨天用了兩個(gè)小時(shí)打掃房子。

　　It will take me another two days to finish the work.

　　完成這項(xiàng)工作我還要兩天時(shí)間。

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